If both parties cannot reach an agreement through direct bargaining and mediation, and one or both parties reject binding arbitration, the RLA gives the President of the United States the authority to appoint a Presidential Emergency Board (PEB). The PEB investigates and makes non-binding recommendations for settling labor disputes that threaten to substantially interrupt interstate commerce. A PEB has 30 days to conduct hearings and issue its report and settlement recommendations. Work stoppages are prohibited during this time and for another 30 days following the issuance of the report.
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